RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar a interação entre genótipos de berinjela e ambientes, utilizando o procedimento REML/BLUP com a finalidade de identificar genótipos com alta produtividade, adaptabilidade e estabilidade fenotípica. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em estufas agrícolas, em duas épocas, com três tipos de sombreamento: Sem cobertura (UC); Cobertura com plástico filme difusor de 130 micras (PD); Cobertura com plástico filme difusor de 130 micras + tela de sombreamento de 50% SS. Foram avaliados 12 genótipos de berinjela, com quatro repetições e a parcela experimental composta por quatro plantas. Os caracteres avaliados foram: Índice de pegamento de fruto, Número de frutos por planta, Produção média de frutos/planta e Viabilidade polínica in vitro. Para a avaliação da adaptabilidade e estabilidade dos genótipos foram realizadas as análises estatísticas e a estimação dos parâmetros genéticos baseadas em modelos mistos do tipo REML/BLUP, empregando o software SELEGEN e o modelo estatístico 51. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, houve concordância entre os três métodos: Performance Relativa dos Valores Genéticos (PRVG), Média Harmônica dos Valores Genotípicos (MHVG) e Média Harmônica da Performance Relativa dos Valores Genéticos (MHPRVG) para os caracteres Produção média de frutos por planta (PP), Número de frutos por planta (NF) e Viabilidade polínica in vitro (IVPV), evidenciando o alto grau de concordância no ordenamento dos materiais. A partir disto, é possível indicar que os genótipos com o melhor desempenho produtivo, adaptabilidade e estabilidade nos ambientes avaliados foram CNPH135×CNPH60, CNPH135×CNPH51, CNPH135×CNPH141, CNPH109, CNPH109×CNPH60 e CNPH109×CNPH141.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the eggplant genotype x environment ineraction, using the REML/BLUP procedure, in order to identify genotypes with high productivity, adaptability and phenotypic stability. The experiments were carried out in agricultural greenhouses, in two seasons, with three types of shading: uncovered (UC); covered with plastic diffuser film (PD), 130 microns thick, covered with plastic diffuser film (130 micron) + 50% shading screen (SS). Twelve eggplant genotypes were evaluated, with four replicates and an experimental plot consisting of four plants. The traits evaluated in this study were: fruit set index, number of fruits per plant, average production of fruits/plant and in vitro pollen viability. To assess the adaptability and stability of the genotypes, statistical analyzes and estimation of genetic parameters were performed using the mixed-models of REML/BLUP type, with the aid of SELEGEN software and the statistical model 51. According to the results obtained, the authors verified an agreement between the three methods: Relative Performance of Genetic Values (PRVG), Harmonic Average of Genotypic Values (MHVG) and Harmonic Mean of Relative Performance of Genetic Values (MHPRVG) for average fruits production per plant (PP), number of fruits per plant (NF) and in vitro pollen viability (IVPV), showing the high degree of agreement in the ordering of materials. Thus, it is possible to indicate that the genotypes with the best productive performance, adaptability and stability in the evaluated environments were CNPH135×CNPH60, CNPH135×CNPH51, CNPH135×CNPH141, CNPH109, CNPH109×CNPH60 and CNPH109×CNPH141.

Abstract: This study aims to retrieve the records of institutional practices towards children and adolescents hospitalized at the former Hospital Colônia de Neuropsiquiatria Infantil de Oliveira (HCNPO), in Minas Gerais, from 1931 to 1974. For that, a case study was made from the documentary analysis of primary and bibliographic sources on the institution and policies related to the care of madness. As it turns out, the health situation of the inmates was characterized by negligence and the violence of the asylum model, with poor hygiene conditions, few therapeutic activities and unsatisfactory socialization measures for the children. In conclusion, HCNPO failed to care for, protect and stimulate the development of these subjects, targets of policies that justified social intervention on their bodies, both as “minors” and as “mad”.

Resumen: Este estudio tiene como objetivo recuperar los registros de prácticas institucionales hacia niños y adolescentes hospitalizados en el antiguo Hospital Colonia de Neuropsiquiatria Infantil de Oliveira (HCNPO), en Minas Gerais, de 1931 a 1974. Para eso, se realizó un estudio de caso a partir del análisis documental de fuentes primarias y bibliográficas sobre la institución y políticas relacionadas con el cuidado de la locura. Resulta que la situación de salud de los/as internos/as se caracterizó por la negligencia y la violencia del modelo de asilo, con malas condiciones de higiene, pocas actividades terapéuticas y medidas de socialización insatisfactorias para los niños. En conclusión, HCNPO no cuidó, protegió y estimuló el desarrollo de estos sujetos, blanco de políticas que justificaban la intervención social en sus cuerpos, tanto como “menores” cuánto como “locos”.

Resumo: Este estudo objetiva resgatar os registros de práticas institucionais destinadas a crianças e adolescentes internados no antigo Hospital Colônia de Neuropsiquiatria Infantil de Oliveira (HCNPO), em Minas Gerais, no período de 1931 a 1974. Para isso, foi feito um estudo de caso a partir da análise documental de fontes primárias e bibliográficas sobre a instituição e as políticas referentes ao cuidado da loucura. Constata-se que a situação de saúde dos/as internos/as era caracterizada pela negligência e a violência do modelo asilar, com condições precárias de higiene, poucas atividades terapêuticas e deficientes medidas de socialização das crianças. Conclui-se que o HCNPO falhou em cuidar, proteger e estimular o desenvolvimento desses sujeitos, alvos de políticas que justificaram a intervenção social sobre seus corpos, tanto como “menores” quanto como “loucos”.

Abstract Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) is one of the leading enabling technologies of the Internet of Things (IoT) at low cost and high granularity scenarios. The cost of implementing IoT applications concerns the development and operation of receiver systems for reading labels. In this paper, we propose a low-cost receiver system based on off-the-shelf components allied to the development of a microstrip antenna. The proposed system is capable of receiving and processing digital signals scattered back from a passive RFID tag. The proposal relies on a Python application embedded in Raspberry Pi hardware, in which a bank of digital filters processes the signal. The proposal separates the received signal into sub-bands and implements a decision-maker that detects and codes radiofrequency carriers’ presence in sub-bands. Simulation using artificial random noise proves that the proposed and implemented decision-maker achieves 92% reliability for a Signal-to-Noise ratio between 1.6 dB and 2.3 dB. The evaluation of the printed dipole antennas pair for the RFID receiver system indicates a return loss of 19.22 dB for operation at 915 MHz.

Abstract This study aimed to define a methodology that, when combined with temperature, can overcome the dormancy and also to determine the adequate substrate and light conditions for germination of Colubrina glandulosa Perkins, contributing to seed analysis and restoration projects. In the experiment of dormancy and temperature, seeds were immersed in sulfuric acid for 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 minutes and set to germinate at temperatures of 20-30 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C. The used substrates were sand, vermiculite, Tropstrato® substrate, coconut powder, blotting paper and paper towel. As for the light supplied, the seeds were subjected to four luminosity regimes: white light, far-red light, red light and light absence. Temperatures of 20-30 °C and 30 °C achieved better results, with exposure in sulfuric acid for 120 and 150 minutes. The substrates sand and vermiculite were the most suitable. The species germinated in all light regimes treatments used.

Abstract Background: Didymosphenia geminata (Lyngbye) M. Schmidt is a freshwater invasive benthic diatom native to oligotrophic systems of the Northern Hemisphere. Since 2010, freshwater systems of south-austral Chile, have experienced a progressive invasion of this species between 37° 18’ S and 54° 30’ S. This invaded area is characterized by biogeographic heterogeneity, anthropic pressure and lack of knowledge. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of D. geminata on the community structure of benthic diatoms and the variability of this effect in Chilean rivers. Methods: The data were collected between 2010 and 2017 and pre-treated using fourth-root transformation to construct a Bray-Curtis similarity matrix and a Principal Coordinate Analysis to identify groups of sites. The α diversity and β diversity were estimated and compared using univariate indexes and the Mann-Whitney test, respectively. We used Permutational multivariate analyses of variance (PERMANOVA) and PERMDISP to estimate the spatial variation of communities, and an Analysis of Percentage Similarity (SIMPER) was performed to identify the species which contributed to the similarity between the groups of sites. Results: The results suggest significant differences between invaded and noninvaded rivers (54% of the total variation); the univariate indexes showed greater richness (S), greater diversity (H’), and less species turnover in invaded rivers. The PERMANOVA indicated significant interaction between D. geminata and the basins; there was also a significant effect on the internal dispersion in the basins. The SIMPER analysis showed that the groups composed exclusively of invaded sites had high mean similarity in all basins and small pedunculated benthic diatoms showed a significant response to the presence of D. geminata. Conclusion: We found high variability in the community structures, that determine a strong segregation between noninvaded and invaded sites by D. geminata, and that the main effect of D. geminata on diatoms benthic was the homogenization of the communities. This is reflected in the increase in density of small stalked diatoms and the reduction of species turnover among rivers in the same basin, leading to the loss of community heterogeneity that overcomes the spatial heterogeneity in the area invaded in Chile.

RESUMO Sete descritores bioquímicos foram utilizados para estimar a variabilidade genotípica de linhagens de amendoim submetidas a estresse hídrico moderado. Seis genótipos, sendo quatro linhagens e duas cultivares, foram cultivados em vasos, cada um contendo duas plantas e mantidas em casa de vegetação. Aos 15 dias após a emergência, procedeu-se a diferenciação dos tratamentos: Controle, as plantas mantidas com rega diariamente; Estresse, as plantas submetidas à suspensão total de rega durante 15 dias. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com esquema fatorial 6 x 2 (genótipos x tratamentos hídricos), com cinco repetições. As variáveis bioquímicas avaliadas foram: catalase (CAT), ascorbato peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), prolina livre, carboidratos totais, proteínas solúveis e aminoácidos. Baseado nos resultados das análises bioquímicas e de estimativa da variabilidade genotípica, a prolina demonstrou ser o descritor mais adequado para seleção de genótipos tolerantes ao estresse hídrico, contribuindo para indicar as linhagens L81V e L108V como mais promissoras, para um programa de melhoramento visando tolerância à seca.

ABSTRACT Seven biochemical descriptors were used to estimate the genotypic variability of peanut in response to moderate water stress. Six genotypes, constituted by four lines and two cultivars, were grown in pots, each containing two plants. At 15 days after emergence (DAE), the treatment differentiation was carried out: Control-plants maintained with daily watering, and Stress-plants submitted to water stress by complete suspension of watering for 15 days. The experimental design was completely randomized with factorial scheme 6 x 2 (genotype x water treatments), with five replications. The biochemical variables evaluated were: catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), free proline, total carbohydrates, soluble proteins, and amino acids. Results obtained by biochemical analysis and estimation of genotypic variability indicated that proline is the most appropriate descriptor for selecting genotypes tolerant to water stress, which led to identification of L81V and L108V as promising lines for drought tolerance breeding program.

Cinco genótipos de amendoim de diferentes hábitos de crescimento foram submetidos a estresse hídrico moderado durante 7 dias em casa de vegetação. O plantio foi feito em vasos de 15 litros contendo solo e substrato (Plantmax®), otimizados para a cultura. O delineamento experimental adotado foi inteiramente casualizado, com esquema bi-fatorial 5 × 2 (5 genótipos × 2 tratamentos hídricos), com cinco repetições. As atividades enzimáticas da SOD, CAT, APX e GPX foram analisadas, além do acúmulo de carboidratos, amido e prolina. Em função do déficit hídrico submetido, verificou-se aumento nas atividades da SOD e da CAT em todos os genótipos, tanto nas folhas quanto na raiz, destacando-se as cv. 55 437 e BR 1 e a linhagem LBM Branco. O acúmulo de prolina e redução do teor de amido foram verificados em todos os genótipos, em resposta ao déficit hídrico, porém o teor de carboidratos foi elevado só nos materiais mais tolerantes. Em função das respostas obtidas, destacam-se como materiais mais tolerantes as cultivares 55 437 e BR 1, seguidas por LBM Branco. LBR Branco tem comportamento intermediário e LViPE 06 é o material mais sensível.

Five peanut genotypes, with different growth habits were submitted to moderate water stress in a greenhouse for seven days. Seeds were planted in 15-litre pots containing soil and a substrate (Plantmax®), both optimized for the crop. The adopted experimental design was completely randomized, using a 5 x 2 bi-factorial scheme(5 genotypes × 2 water treatments) with five replications. The enzymatic activities of SOD, CAT, APX and GPX were analyzed, as well as the carbohydrate, starch and proline. An increased activity was shown in SOD and CAT enzymes for all genotypes submitted to water stress, in both leaf and root, especially in the 55 437 and BR1 cultivars and also in LBM Branco line. Proline accumulation and reduced starch were verified in all stressed genotypes, but carbohydrate content was increased just in tolerant materials. Based on results, 55 437 and BR1 were more tolerant to water stress, followed by LBM Branco. The LBR Branco shows intermediate behavior and LViPE- 06 was more sensitive.